PDF || Vilsmeyer Haack Reaction

    at a glance :

    The Vilsmeier-Haack reaction is an organic reaction used to convert an electron rich aromatic ring to an aryl aldehyde by thge treatment with DMF, an acid chloride, and aqueous work-up. The mechanism begins with the reaction of DMF with the acid chloride to form an iminium salt known as the "Vilsmeier reagent''.

    

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     DMF:  

    Dimethylformamide is an organic compound with the formula C3H7NO. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran or dimethyl fumarate, this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. 

    

       Vilsmeier Reagent : 

Vilsmeier reagent is the active intermediate in the formylation reactions. The Vilsmeier-Haack reaction that use mixtures of dimethylformamide and phosphorus oxychloride to generate the Vilsmeier reagent, which in turn attacks a nucleophilic substrate and eventually hydrolyzes to give formyl.

📚👉👉    Pdf  || Wagner MeerweinRearrangement || PDF for CSIR NET GATE IIT JAM  Applications are collection from international journals / research papers 

Wagner Meerwein Rearrangement

Application for Wagner Meerwein Rearrangement ( Only demo view) :-

Mechanism :- The Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement is an organic reaction used to convert an alcohol to an olefin by the treatment an acid catalyst.

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 The mechanism begins with protonation of the alcohol by the acid which is then released as water to forms a carbocation species. A 1,2-shift then occurs to form a more substituted and stabilized carbo-cation species. A final deprotonation with water produces the final olefin product and regenerates the acid catalyst. 

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Wagner Meerwein Rearrangement

At a glance:- 

A Wagner–Meerwein rearrangement is a class of carbocation 1,2-rearrangement reactions in which a hydrogen, alkyl or aryl group migrates from one carbon to a neighboring carbon. They can be described as cationic [1,2]-sigmatropic rearrangements, proceeding suprafacially and with stereochemical retention. 

Wagner Meerwein Rearrangement with full mechanism, scope and  application ; for all in details; click here 👇👇👇

     

       The reaction is named after the Russian Chemist Yegor Yegorovich Vagner, he had German origin and published in German journals as Georg Wagner and Hans Meerwein.

      

        The rearrangement was first discovered in bicyclic terpenes for example the conversion of Isoborneol to camphen, which are mention on the image box and PDF file for details mechanism also.

     

👉👉👉, PDF || RS/ IUPAC, Z/E Nomenclature for CSIR NET GATE CHEMISTRY

    IUPAC- Nomenclature:- 

 In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It is published in the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry.  

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R and S nomenclature of chirality centers:- 

  The Cahn, Ingold, Prelog priority rules are used for naming chirality centers and geometric isomers i.e., E or Z alkenes.

      These rules are used to establish the priority of the groups attached to the chirality centers and basically based on atomic number.

     Geometric Isomerism (Cis, trans) :- 

    The traditional system for naming the geometric isomers of an Alkene, in which the same groups are arranged differently. And these are name as cis or trans. IUPAC has a more complete system for naming Alkene isomers. the R,S system is based on a set of "priority rules", which allow you to rank any groups or atoms.

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Beckmann Rearrangement and Beckmann Fragmentation | Mechanism application with the help of ANIMATION

Ground state terms- symbol for S, P, D block element / Russell Saunders LS scheme /