Challenges for the recovery of the ozone layer :-
Xuekun Fang, John A. Pyle, Ronald G. Prinn,
Nature Geoscience, 29 July, 2019
Source:- Nature.com
Full text read :- Click here
Full Text read :- Susan Solomon, Atmospheric Science, Nature
The Recovery of Stratospheric ozone layer:- The recovery of the Stratosphere Ozone layer from past depletion is underway owing to the 1987 Montreal protocol and it's subsequent amendments,
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| The Antarctic Ozone Hole |
which have been effective in phasing out the production and consumption of the major ozone-depleting substances (ODSs). However, there are uncertainty about the future rate of recovery. This uncertainty relates partly to unexpected emissions of controlled anthropogenic ODSs, such as
CCl3F and slower than expected declines in atmospheric CCl4.
An Arctic Ozone Hole:-
A combination of the extreme cold temperature, man-made Chemical and a stagnant atmosphere were behind, which are became known as the
Arctic Ozone Hole of 2011, a new NASA study finds. Still in 2011, ozone concentrations in the Arctic atmosphere were about 20% lower than it's late winter average.
Is there an ozone hole over the Arctic?
=> Ozone hole over the Arctic. However, these reduction are much more smaller than those observed currently each spring over the Antarctic, the ozone hole. The difference between ozone content in the two polar regions is caused by dissimilar weather patterns.
The ozone hole reached its peak extent of 6.3 million square miles (or, 16.4 million square km) on September 8, 2019. The abnormal weather patterns in the upper atmosphere over Antarctica dramatically limited ozone depletion this year.
What is the ozone hole ? And Where is the ozone hole ?
The ozone hole is not technically a hole where no ozone is present. But actually a region of exceptionally depleted ozone in the Stratosphere over the Antarctic that happens at the beginning of Southern Hemisphere spring.
What causes ozone hole ?
The ozone depletion occurs when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons gases formerly found in aerosol spray cans and refrigerants. They all are released into the atmosphere. CFCs and halons cause Chemical reaction that break down ozone molecule, reducing ozone's UV radiation absorbing capacity.
Whats happen if the ozone layers were completely destroyed ?
The consequences of the ozone layer depletion. Since the Ozone layer absorbs UV- visible ultraviolet light from the sun. And the ozone layer depletion increases surface UV- visible levels, which could lead to damage, including increase in skin cancer. This was the reason for the Montreal Protocol.
